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 Subject : AAA: Read Me First (1) |  | AAA: Read Me First | Don't forget! Many technical questions are answered in the main FAQ visible to everyone.
This FAQ is reserved for questions which address the business relationships between sip.ralden.com and our wholesale customers. Also here we will address technical questions which relate to resellers and operators of more complex SIP infrastructure, such as what might be found in an office environment or large Internet Café. |  Subject : Accounting Considerations (1) |  | Accounting Considerations | All sip.ralden.com customers have a “master account” that is used to track the business relationship between sip.ralden.com and our customer. You will be assigned a master account number; they are usually nine digits in the form 000-000-000, and a master account password. You will use your account number and password to retrieve call detail records, for example. Generally speaking, email communications from sip.ralden.com to the email address of record stored in the master account will have this account number in the subject line.
A master account is completely separate from what we call a “sip account”. A single master account can hold many sip accounts. A sip account and the password associated with a sip account is necessary to place a telephone call, but no knowledge of the corresponding master account is needed to configure sip equipment or place calls.
You may want to use a separate sip account for each sip “endpoint” in your network. For example, in an Internet Café you might have a separate sip account for each phone (or ATA device) or each softphone. If you have a multi-port gateway you may have one sip account for the gateway; but there could be some reasons why it would be better to have one account per port.
A single sip.ralden.com “sip account” can be configured on multiple endpoints and can be used to place multiple, simultaneous outgoing calls.
The primary feature of a sip account is that it is recorded with the details of each telephone call. Simply put, if you have two offices, or telephones, or customers, and you want to be able to distinguish between their calls, you need to assign a separate sip account to each. Then the call detail records you receive from us will note the different sip accounts along with each call.
Note that there are other ways to track and bill for calls besides relying on call detail records from us. For instance, in an Internet Café you may have your own systems for auditing what phone makes what call; many office PBX systems have call detail logging. In such cases you may need only one sip account from sip.ralden.com. In order to help you correctly calculate your costs we provide our rate data in machine readable form.
A sip account has an “authorization ID” and a “sip ID” and a password (separate from the master account password); and it can also have an optional money allocation that is somewhat like a credit limit.
The “authorization ID” and password are the two items of information that must be right for an endpoint to place a telephone call. For every call we ask for this information. As a rule the “authorization ID” looks nothing like a telephone number; it usually contains letters as well as numbers. Many sip products use the term “auth ID” or “auth name” when they refer to this ID.
The “sip ID” is another identifier for a sip endpoint. It can look like a telephone number and if you want to call a sip endpoint you will need this information. Sometimes we assign the sip ID to be the same as the “authorization ID” and sometimes we assign a number prefixed by 87800 since numbers are easily dialed on a normal telephone (sip ID’s which contain letters can be easily dialed using softphones).
We sometimes use the terms “authorization ID” and “sip ID” and “sip account” and “sub account” interchangeably because for the most part they are interchangeable names that refer to the same underlying capability. Every “sip ID” is bound to one “authorization ID” which is protected by one password and all these things are subordinate to a single master account (which can contain many of these {sipID:authID:pwd} triples.
The sip ID is normally “registered” in our SIP directory server; but you do not have to register to make an outbound call (to register or not is a configuration option in most sip devices and softphones). A single phone or softphone must be registered in order to receive in-bound calls. A gateway or other device used to carry multiple phone calls (that has a static IP address) may receive inbound calls too, without registration; but, we have to create a manual configuration in our network to accomplish that.
Allocation of money within Master Account
A master account is pre-funded with a deposit and calls are charged against that balance. When the balance falls to zero the master account will be suspended. This suspension may not be instantaneous, and if calls are still in progress they may be allowed to complete. Thus, when an account is suspended its balance may not be zero; it may be some negative number. If an account has a balance of $-5, and you send us $50, then your account will be reactivated with a $45 balance remaining.
All “authorization IDs”, also called “sip accounts”, within a master account normally have equal claim on the available balance in the account. In an account with three sip IDs, one ID may make many calls and the other two IDs may make very few. However, all sip IDs will cease to work when the master account is suspended.
You can change this behavior by pre-allocation of funds to specific sip IDs. For example, you may have a master account with a number of sip accounts for various devices in your company. If you then want to configure a device specific to one customer, you may assign a unique sub-account to that customer. You can then allocate a fixed sum of money to that sub-account. When that sub-account makes calls with costs that total this pre-allocated sum, the sub account will be suspended; but not the master account and other sub-accounts within the master account. You may have a mixture of sub-accounts which have no fixed spending limit and sub-accounts with fixed limits.
It is important to note that from an accounting perspective the master account is viewed by sip.ralden.com as one pool of money. For example, you could deposit $200 into a master account and create 2 sub-accounts with fixed allocations of $100 each. However, if there is another sub account with no fixed allocation, and you make calls with that account, then there will be a deficit. If you make $50 worth of calls with your sub account the master account will have a balance of $150, and when it runs down to zero the 2 sub-accounts that were supposed to each have $100 available will have credit remaining but be unable to make calls. If every time you deposit money into a master account you allocate it to sub-accounts this problem will not happen. However, if you have a master account which contains a mixture of fixed and non-fixed allocation sub-accounts, then you are responsible for insuring that the master account is funded with an adequate balance to cover calls being made by the sub-accounts. Let us look at one more example to be clear. If you sell five sub-accounts with fixed balances of $100 each you are promising to provide $500 worth of calls across the five sub-accounts. If you wire transfer $500 to sip.ralden.com you might incur money exchange costs and bank fees; so we might get only $475. Our bank will charge us $15 and we will deduct that fee from your account. So your master account might be credited with $460. If you allocate $100 to each sub account your account is potentially $40 short. In addition, as mentioned above, a sub account with a $100 allocation can potentially make calls totaling a few dollars more because calls are not terminated mid-session. The difference between $100 and the calls actually made is accounted for in the master account balance. Consider these points when planning how you might use pre-allocation with sub-accounts. |  Subject : Call Detail Records via email (1) |  | Call Detail Records via email | Call Detail Records can be emailed to you automatically at midnight UTC upon request. Each CDR file contains calls made since the previous file. The file is a comma delmited file as follows:
Columns are as follows:
A, the CDR UID number.
B, the time the call started.
C, the duration in hours.
D, the duration in minutes.
E, the duration in seconds.
F, the e.164 number dialed.
G, the country associated with F.
H, the region or network within G.
I, the amount you have been charged for the call in $ US.
K, the SIP sub-account (SIP device) from which the call was made.
L, a field which reads NULL unless the CDR record has been adjusted.
If you open the file with Microsoft Excel you will note that the B and the F columns are not displayed nicely. The underlying data is correct (you can see that by opening the file with Notepad); you just need to adjust the Excel display format.
If you select column B and then use the Format/Cells command, and choose Date, and choose the date style/format you'll get a readable date. To make the telephone number column (F) display correctly set it to type Number with 0 decimal places and you will get a readable phone number.
|  Subject : Call Detail Records via XML (1) |  | Call Detail Records via XML |
If you need a customized interface you may be interested the SOAP and HTTP API variants which are discussed here: https://reports.ralden.com/
A number of sip.ralden.com partners are developing specialized web services for bill calculation and presentment. If you would be interested in a more feature-rich, private-label service of that nature, we will be glad to put you in touch with this developer community. |  Subject : DID (Direct Inward Dial) Numbers (1) |  | DID (Direct Inward Dial) Numbers | We can obtain DID numbers for you in a variety of countries. A DID number is a "normal" PSTN number which can be redirected to any of your SIP endpoints on our network. For example, you can obtain a number in London which rings a SIP port connected to your PBX in Nairobi. These calls are priced like any other "sip.ralden.com in-network call" (the rates are published under prefix 87800; the current charge is .017 cents per minute). The cost of a DID number varies country-by-country and city-by-city, but our average charge is US$13 per month, per number. The UK and US are cheapest at $9 per month per number.
Countries which we can service now include Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Ireland, Israel, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Pakistan, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States. If you need service in another country just ask and we'll see what can be done. |  Subject : Hardware Telephony Adaptors, POTS interfaces (1) |  | Hardware Telephony Adaptors, POTS interfaces | There are a wide variety of hardware "telephony adaptors" on the market. They typically have two POTS telephone interfaces and one Ethernet jack to connect to the Internet. You can plug telephones into them directly or add two "CO line" resources to a PBX such that everyone in a home or office can use the VOIP "lines."
The oldest such product is the Cisco "ATA 186" family, which comes in numerous flavors (SIP, H.323, MGCP, etc.). To use our service you must configure the ATA for SIP; if you have a non-SIP unit you can download the SIP firmware from cisco.com and change it. Most of the other products on the market are cheaper and easier to setup; but for a mission critical application the technical depth of Cisco products is hard to beat.
One thing to watch out for; many of the units on the market are bundled to work with a specific IP Telephony Service Provider, such as Vonage. Like a "discounted" GSM phone that you get from a GSM operator, these units are "locked" and you can't easily hack them to work with sip.ralden.com, or anyone else. Similarly, some IP Telephony Service Providers will only support an Adaptor that they have sold you; if you have your own they won't let you use it. VOIP and SIP telephony is a standard platform and I suggest you avoid both circumstances and buy your own equipment, unlocked, and use the ITSP that is best for you.
Here are some of the low-cost 1-2 port products in the market:
Sipura: SPA-2002 and SPA-1001
Netgear: WGR826V
Grandstream (HandyTone series, such as HT-496); the Grandstream products are especially recommended because they support iLBC, a great codec for VOIP over the Internet
Linksys: WRTP54G and PAP2
D-Link: DVG-1402S (avoid the S/L model which is tied to a single VOIP service provider)
There are other brands, Zoom, Soyo.
Note that many of these products are "routers" and many are wireless (802.x). This does not mean you have to use them as routers, or use them wirelessly, in order to add VOIP interfaces to an existing network. You can ignore their wireless and routing functions and just plug them into an existing network. If you need help with pre-planning a specific situation just ask and we will try to help out.
The above devices are all POTS adapters which allow you to use an ordinary telephone. In any kind of environment where the telephone handset and dialpad can be subject to wear and abuse we recommend this type of adaptor because it is cheap and easy to replace the telephone. Different types of telephones can be used as well (speakerphones, cordless phones, etc.) The above adaptors can be in a different location that the telephone itself, so they can be protected from theft.
Where such issues are not a consideration, and a new telephone set is the preferred solution, there are many SIP telephones to choose from:
Grandstream Networks BudgeTone Series
Snom Series of Phones
Cisco (such as the 7960)
CP Series from Clipcomm
IP NetPhone Series from Saxa
SipTone Series from ipDialog
Prestige Series from ZyXEL
Note: The above lists are not complete. Most "SIP compatible" products (gateways, adaptors, soft and hard phones) can be made to work. We can't guarantee any product that we don't sell you directly; but, we will help you troubleshoot any product you have that you would like to connect to our network. |  Subject : Payment Information (1) |  | Payment Information | You may prepay as little or as much as you want. You should consider your cost of currency conversion and money transfer costs. If you are able to transfer funds using PayPal or Moneybookers then it can make sense to prepay as little as $25 (depending on how much call volume you have). If you are paying higher fees to use platforms like Western Union or bank wire transfers then it will likely not make sense to send less than $150-$200.
Note that all of these money transfer platforms charge us a fee as well and that fee (no more, no less) will be deducted from the amount you send before the credit is applied to your account.
When sending money please note your account number on the transaction itself and also send an email to sip@ralden.com to advise us of a payment en route.
For PayPal and Moneybooker's credits use the email address: ralden@ralden.com as the account to credit.
If you want to wire money into our bank accounts let us know by email and we will send you the account information. It will vary depending on what currency you will be using. We will accept payments in UK Pounds and Euros with no conversion fees on our end; and will accept payments in several other currencies with fairly low fees on our end. |  Subject : Softphones (1) |  | Softphones | Here are some softphone resources.
Microsoft has a very specific version of Windows Messenger (5.1) which can be configured to use a SIP server. The user interface is not what you would expect but it works well enough. It also works with their general MSN Messenger chat service. However, it lacks features of later MSN Messenger clients and you must uninstall newer flavors of MSN Messenger in order to use this older, but still supported, SIP-enabled version. Here is the download link:
Believe it or not, a dialpad does not appear by default; you have to create a registry entry to be able to dial DTMF digits in order to interact with an answering machine, etc. Here is the hack to make the dial pad display:
Create a CorpPC2Phone DWORD, with a value of 1, at the following location in the registry:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Messenger\Client
You may need to create the \Messenger and \Client keys if they do not exist on your machine. Otherwise, make sure you have installed Messenger 5.1.
Note: the Xten products discussed below have been rebranded CounterPath. They have a number of OEM branding and free download products. A free download version is here:
If the above doesn't work go here and follow the directions:
The information below probably still applies to the new versions but I have not yet verified that assumption.
eyeBeam by Xten:
X-Lite by Xten:
This is the free version of eyeBeam and most importantly it has iLBC support so it can be used in situations where less than ~85kbps per call is a requirement. See more on the subject of codec support in the top-level FAQ. X-Lite is a little more complex to configure than many other softphones. If you want to use iLBC it is a good idea to disable the other codecs so it won't bother to try to negotiate anything else. This is done in Advanced System Settings, open each codec except iLBC and set Enabled to No. Another option is to just change the Codec Order and make sure iLBC is on top. There are slots for ~10 SIP accounts in the configuration; the top one is marked “Default” and you must use that one for a “normal” configuration. If you left Default alone and filled in slot one, for example, you would have to dial a prefix code (something like *01) first in order to use that account. Only “Default” gets used if you dial a normal phone number.
eyeP Phone
AGE Phone
There are plenty of others softphone products. When in doubt use Google. |  Subject : The Enterprise Opportunity (1) |  | The Enterprise Opportunity | Selling telephone calls in a Call Shop or Internet Café environment is a competitive business. Reselling “scratch cards” and “call back” accounts is even worse. The profit margins on calls are typically 5%-10% and the actual dollar volume of each transaction is very small; perhaps US$1 per call or US$10 for a calling or “top up” card.
If you have the skills to install VOIP technology into a network connected to the Internet there are opportunities more profitable than selling “phone calls” one at a time.
Any business of significant size typically has dozens to hundreds of telephones at each office. Multi-location businesses (or government agencies) have private data communication networks that tie offices together. Often each of these offices has a PBX system of some type so that telephones around an office share a small number of “trunk” phone lines. Any such system can be upgraded to take advantage of VOIP technology. And, when such systems become obsolete and need to be replaced new VOIP based products are almost certainly the correct upgrade path.
It takes expertise to understand these options and opportunities. If you develop that expertise there are organizations that will need your help. Even in environments where VOIP is “illegal” using VOIP to place calls between locations within a company over a private data network is often legal. Using VOIP to receive inbound calls from international destinations may also be legal even where using VOIP to place outbound international calls is not. Using VOIP may also be legal within a country to route calls between cities. For example, if a company has offices in City A and City B then it might use a private VOIP network to place calls to PSTN phones in City B from City A and incur charges much lower than if it paid the telephone company to carry the call from City A to City B.
Modern VOIP PBX systems have advanced features like integrated conference calling, call forwarding to cell phones, customer care call queues, routing of calls to customer service agents, and voicemail boxes linked to email and the web. These features used to be complex, expensive or unavailable on older equipment; in today’s new generation of VOIP based systems they are often “free” and easy to setup and operate.
It’s no wonder that today over 30% of the total office PBX market buys VOIP systems. A good reason is that over 40 percent of e-commerce transactions outside North America are initiated from mobile phones. In developing countries it is increasingly important that an organization be able to make and receive telephone calls and handle the needs of callers efficiently. VOIP telephone systems can be directly interconnected with mobile phone networks. No longer is the inefficiency of a national PSTN operator a limitation on high quality communications within an organization and between an organization and its customers. If you have VOIP expertise you can take advantage of these new opportunities. If we can be of help, just ask.
|  Subject : Where are the profits? (1) |  | Where are the profits? | Many of our Internet Café customers ask for lower rates; especially if they see a competitor down the street offer a lower rate. Perhaps the competitor is selling calls at a lower price than we charge on a wholesale basis. Our customers make the mistake of assuming that the competitor is paying a lower price when it may be the competitor is just a smarter business person :) Here is why. Offering telephone services is a good business opportunity in a "retail" environment; but the profits are not in telephone services. Telephony is extremely competitive industry and rates for calls to certain destinations, such as the United States, are less than 2 cents per minute. If a person talks for an hour they might consume $1.20; even if they pay you $2.40 you still only earn a profit of $1.20. Sure, for some countries rates are much higher and that fact makes the telephone business more profitable. Maybe. But the fact is, with intense competition, it is very hard to make much money per telephone line, per hour. However, if you are offering the service in a retail environment the value of the telephone service can be in "collateral" spending. A person making a phone call might bring a friend, who while sitting and waiting has a drink. Or they may use a computer while their friend makes some calls. If you sell groceries, or change money, or do laundry, or sell newspapers, or cut hair, whatever, the value of the telephone service is that it will bring people to your store on a regular basis. This is one of the reasons we try to offer high quality circuits even if they cost slightly more. If people who come have an easy time getting a connection, and if they talk for a long time, they are more likely to spend money in your store. The profit you make selling them something will exceed the profit you make on a telephone call by a wide margin. Even if we lower prices to zero, which we cannot, you still could not "make money" on telephone calls the way you can make money in other ways. Many people making phone calls are business people. Are you selling newspapers and magazines they might want to read? Do you offer computer services? Many people making phone calls are staying in touch with family working in another country. Are you offering money exchange and transfer services? Can you send packages for them? If you are creative you will find that offering telephone services is a way to make your shop an important stop each day for busy people and you can turn those visits into profit opportunity in a wide variety of ways. The only way to make money on telephone calls is to lower the price; and when the price gets close to zero there is not much you can do. But, if you are creative you will find 1000 ways to make money selling services that offer a wider profit margin than phone calls. Use phone calls to attract people to your store, but make sure you offer a wide variety of services in addition to phone calls. That is where you can distinguish yourself from your competitor, and make better profits too. |
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